Morphology and application of fatty amines

Fatty amine refers to a large class of organic amine compounds with carbon chain length in the range of C8-C22, which, like general amines, is divided into primary amine, secondary amine, tertiary amine and polyamine four categories, and primary, secondary, tertiary amine depends on the number of hydrogen atoms in ammonia replaced by alkyl.

Aliphatic amine is an organic derivative of ammonia, C8-10 short chain aliphatic amine has a certain solubility in water, long chain aliphatic amine is generally insoluble in water, liquid or solid at room temperature, with alkaline, as an organic base on the skin and mucous membrane has a stimulating and corrosive effect.

Fatty alcohols react with dimethylamine to produce monoalkyl dimethyl tertiary amine, fatty alcohols react with monomethylamine to produce dialkyl monomethyl tertiary amine, and fatty alcohols react with ammonia to produce trialkyl tertiary amine.

Fatty acids react with ammonia to form fatty nitrile, fatty nitrile hydrogenation to form fatty primary or secondary amine, primary amine or secondary amine hydromethylation to form tertiary amine, primary amine after nitrile ethylation to form diamine, diamine after nitrile ethylation and hydrogenation to form triamine, triamine after nitrile ethylation and hydrogenation to form tetramine.

Direct application

Primary amine can be used as corrosion inhibitor, lubricant, release agent, oil additive, pigment processing additive, thickening agent, wetting agent, fertilizer dust-proof agent, oil additive, fertilizer anti-caking agent, mold forming agent, flotation agent, gear lubricant, hydrophobic agent, waterproof additive, wax emulsion, etc.

Saturated high carbon primary amines such as octadecylamine are used as defilm agents for hard rubber and polyurethane foam. Dodecylamine is used in the regeneration of natural and synthetic rubber, the surfactant of chemical tin plating solution, the reduction of amination of isomaltose to produce malt derivatives, oleoamine as fuel additive for diesel engines, etc.

Production of cationic surfactants

Primary amines and their salts can be used as effective ore flotation agents, chemical fertilizers or explosives anti-caking agents, paper waterproofing agents, corrosion inhibitors, lubricating additives, oil industry fungicides, fuel and gasoline additives, electronic cleaning agents, emulsifiers, organometalllic clay production, pigment processing additives, water treatment agents, molding agents, etc. Primary amine can be used to produce quaternary ammonium salt asphalt emulsifiers, which are widely used in the laying and maintenance of high-grade highways, can reduce the labor of construction and maintenance, and is conducive to improving the service life of pavement.

Production of non-ionic surfactants

The admixture of fatty primary amine and ethylene oxide is mainly used in the plastic industry as an antistatic agent, and the ethoxylated amine cannot be dissolved in the plastic, so that it migrates to part of the surface of the plastic, once it reaches the surface, the ethoxylated amine will fully absorb the water in the atmosphere, and the surface of the plastic becomes an antistatic plastic.

Production of amphoteric surfactants

Dodecylamine reacts with methyl acrylate to obtain N-dodecyl-B-amino-propionic acid after saponification and neutralization. The properties of this kind of surfactant are: aqueous solution is a light-colored or colorless transparent liquid, easily soluble in water or ethanol, easy to biodegrade, resistant to hard water, little irritation to the skin, and less toxic. Uses: foaming agent, emulsifier, corrosion inhibitor, liquid detergent, shampoo, hair care agent, softener, antistatic agent, etc.